Meat is crucial for feeding the planet, leading scientists have said, as they warned it is not more environmentally-friendly to go vegan.首席科学家们说，在给地球生物提供食物方面，肉食至关重要。他们警告说，素食并不是更环保。Experts from the University of Edinburgh and Scotland's Rural College said farmers were increasingly feeling demonized by the unsupported "meat is evil" claims being promoted by environmental lobbyists.爱丁堡大学和苏格兰农业学院的专家说，情况游说者宣扬的未经证实的"肉是恶"的言论，让农民们日益感应自己被妖魔化。

Speaking at a panel in central London, they argued that meat was critical for the physical and mental health of children, particularly in developing countries, and said that moving away from livestock farming would not improve land use.在伦敦市中心的一个专题小组讨论会上，他们讨论说肉类对儿童的身心康健至关重要，特别是在生长中国家，而且说，远离畜牧业不会改善土地使用情况。Prof. Geoff Simm, Director of Global Academy Agriculture and Food Security at the University of Edinburgh, said, "I think (livestock farmers) do feel they are being demonized.爱丁堡大学全球农业与粮食宁静学院院长杰夫·西姆教授说："我认为（畜牧业者）确实感应他们被妖魔化了。

"Often the argument is made that going vegan would minimise land use, and the modelling studies that have been done demonstrate that that's not the case."常有人声称素食会将土地使用率降到最低，而举行的建模研究讲明事实并非如此。"We feel that while livestock production has a range of economic, social and environmental costs and benefits, the costs have perhaps been receiving far more attention recently than some of the benefits."我们认为，只管畜牧生产具有一系列的经济、社会和情况成本和收益，但与某些收益相比，成本最近受到了越来越多的关注。"Meat has massive social benefits. It's an important source of dietary protein, energy, highly bioavailable micronutrients, even small amounts of animal-sourced food have a really important effect on the development of children, in the developing world on their cognitive and physical development and they are really important.""肉食具有庞大的社会效益。

它是膳食卵白质、能量、高生物活性微量营养素的重要泉源，纵然是少量动物源性食品，对生长中国家儿童的认知和身体发育都有着很是重要的影响。它们真的很是重要。"Prof. Mike Coffey, from Scotland's Rural College, added, "It's completely unnecessary to go vegan.苏格兰农业学院的迈克·科菲教授增补说："完全没有须要素食。"If everybody went vegan it would be devastating for the UK environment. Animals bred for food help boost biodiversity.""如果每小我私家都素食，那将对英国的情况造成扑灭性的攻击。

为食用而饲养的动物有助于提高生物多样性。"Researchers are currently attempting to breed more environmentally friendly cattle, which grow faster and eat less, which could further reduce the sector's carbon footprint by reducing the amount of methane released by cows.研究人员现在正在实验育种更环保的牛，这些牛生长更快，吃的更少，通过淘汰奶牛释放的甲烷量，可以极大地淘汰该行业的碳足迹。This could also lead to shoppers in the next few years being able to check the label of their food to discover the environmental impact it has had, they added.他们增补说，这也可能使得购物者在未来几年内能够检察食品标签，以相识他们的食物对情况的影响。

Prof. Coffey said that the difference in methane emissions from best and worst cattle was about 30 per cent and that if all UK farmers used the most efficient animals this could reduce carbon emissions by nearly a third.科菲教授说，最好和最差的牛的甲烷排放量相差约30%，如果所有英国农民都使用最高效的物种，则可以淘汰近三分之一的碳排放量。He said by next year farmers will able to select bulls for breeding that will father dairy cows that consume less feed for the amount of milk they produce.他说，明年农民将能够选择公牛举行育种，这将生出新种奶牛，它们生产牛奶消耗更少的饲料。But Prof. Coffey said the next stage will be trying to measure the methane given off by different breeds of cattle to find which are the lowest emitters.科菲教授说，下一步将实验丈量差别品种的牛释放出的甲烷，以找出排放量最低的品种。

He added, "By next year farmers will be able to select bulls whose daughters consume less feed for the amount of milk they produce.他还说："到明年，农民将能够选择公牛，这类公牛的雌性子女生产牛奶消耗的饲料更少。"Where we go next is can we actually measure methane emissions from groups of animals.""下一步我们可以实际丈量动物群的甲烷排放量。

"Prof. Coffey said that soon shoppers could be able to check meat labels to find out how much environmental impact their food has had.科菲教授说，购物者很快就能检察肉类标签，以相识他们的食物对情况有多大影响。He added, "My expectation is that at some point in the near future there will be product labels that relates to the efficiency or carbon impact of the food."他增补说："我预计在不久的未来，将会泛起与食品的效能或碳影响有关的产物标签。

"Professor Andrea Wilson, also of Edinburgh University, said more research was needed into the impact of veganism.同样是爱丁堡大学的安德烈·威尔逊教授说，需要对素食主义的影响举行更多的研究。She added, "We know a lot about the livestock sector because people have looked at it. We actually know very little about the vegan sector.她增补说："我们对畜牧业相识许多，因为人们已经有了一些研究。

实际上，我们对素食行业相识甚少。"The danger is we demonize one and jump too quickly to the other.""危险的是我们妖魔化一个，而转向另一个又太快了。"单词积累：1. crucial adj. extremely important, because everything else depends on it 至关重要的；关键性的2. demonize (BrE also demonise) v. to describe sb/sth in a way that is intended to make other people think of them or it as evil or dangerous 把……描绘成妖怪（或危险人物等）；将……妖魔化3. demonstrate v. to show or prove something clearly by giving proof or evidence 证明；证实；说明4. cognitive adj. related to the process of knowing, understanding, and learning something 认知的；感知的；5. biodiversity n. the existence of a large number of different kinds of animals and plants which make a balanced environment 生态多样性（大量种种生物的共存以维持生态情况平衡）6. carbon footprint n. the amount of carbon dioxide that is produced by the daily activities of a person or company, used as a way of measuring the amount of harm they do to the environment 碳足迹（日常运动所发生的碳排放量的量度方式）7. consume v. to use time, energy, goods, or fuel 消耗；泯灭本文英文来自Telegraph，已选入《快捷英语 活页英语时文阅读明白 高考19》，参考译文由快捷英语整理。

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